ML-DSA·Digital signature·NIST level 2

ML-DSA-44

ML-DSA (FIPS 204) is a lattice-based digital signature scheme, standardized by NIST in August 2024. Built on Module Learning With Errors, it offers fast verification and moderate signature sizes.

Latest run2026-08-22 06:30 UTC
commit7e3d474
CPU
Xeon Platinum 8259CL @ 2.50GHz
Instance
t3.mediumburstable
OS / Kernel
24.04.4 LTS
liboqs
0.15.0
Wall clock
54m 10s
CPU steal
6.9%

Parameters

Family
ML-DSA
Parameter set
44
Public key
1.28 KB
Private key
2.50 KB
Signature
2.36 KB
Iterations / op
1,000
liboqs key
ML-DSA-44

Regulatory approval status

Whether this algorithm family is approved/recommended for use under three regimes. Every badge links to its source — click through before citing this elsewhere.

keygenGenerate a fresh key pair.
100 of 100 runs
Mean
37.4 µs
Median
32.1 µs
p95
52.8 µs
p99
150.7 µs
Stdev
21.6 µs
Min
31.3 µs
Ops/sec
26,721
Mean over time

Click any point to view the GitHub Actions run that produced it.

signProduce a signature over a message using the private key.
100 of 100 runs
Mean
108.8 µs
Median
85.0 µs
p95
236.7 µs
p99
403.8 µs
Stdev
76.4 µs
Min
47.2 µs
Ops/sec
9,192
Mean over time

Click any point to view the GitHub Actions run that produced it.

verifyVerify a signature against a message and public key.
100 of 100 runs
Mean
58.3 µs
Median
58.5 µs
p95
74.9 µs
p99
96.9 µs
Stdev
10.5 µs
Min
33.1 µs
Ops/sec
17,144
Mean over time

Click any point to view the GitHub Actions run that produced it.